2D ANIMATION RESEARCH
The Four Pioneers
The Lumiere Brothers
Auguste and Louis Lumiere were amongst the earliest of filmakers. they both attended La Martiniere in 1870 which was the largest technical school in Lyon.
their father, Claude Antoine Lumiere ran a Photographic firm which both brothers worked for. in 1892 their father retired, which led the brothers to create moving pictures. they patented a number of processes leading up to their film camera. The cinematographe itself was later created on the 13th of February 1895 and the first ever footage to be recorded came on march 19th, 1895. Charles-Emile Reynaudwas a french scientist teacher, responsible for the first projected animated cartoon films. In 1877 Reynaud created the praxinoscope and the theatre optique in December 1888.
On the 28th October 1892 he projected the first animated film in public. This was the first notable film known for using Film Perforations. |
George HornerHorner was a British Mathematician and Schoolmaster. he was known for inventing the Zoetrope in 1833 which he called the "Daedalum". the Zoetrope failed to become recognised until the 1860s, although later inventions and interpretations of the zoetrope were created in Belgium by Joseph Antoine Ferdinand Plateau.
Joseph PlateauPlateau was a Belgian physicist and among the first to demonstrate the illusion of moving image. he achieved this by counter rotating disks with repeating drawn images in small increments of motion on one and regularly spaced slits in the other. This was later named the device phenakistoscope in 1832.
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2D ANIMATION HISTORY TIMELINE
Stop Motion Animation Timeline details the earliest forms of animation right up until modern day animation. Clearly defining key points throughout.
Timeline for stop motion on Dipity.
Flip Book
This is a simple example of a flipbook.
A Flip Book is a book that contains a series of images that vary gradually from the previous page(s) once turned or flipped. The slighter the image is changed the smoother the sequence looks when flipped.
Esentially, Flip Books are a primitive form of animation, they rely on Persistence of Vision to create the Illusion that continuous motion is being seen, rather than a series of discontinuous images being exchanged in rather quick succession.
The Quicker the Flip Book is "Flipped", the more understandable and smoother the sequence will be due to the fact that the images appear to be in coherent motion.
A Flip Book is a book that contains a series of images that vary gradually from the previous page(s) once turned or flipped. The slighter the image is changed the smoother the sequence looks when flipped.
Esentially, Flip Books are a primitive form of animation, they rely on Persistence of Vision to create the Illusion that continuous motion is being seen, rather than a series of discontinuous images being exchanged in rather quick succession.
The Quicker the Flip Book is "Flipped", the more understandable and smoother the sequence will be due to the fact that the images appear to be in coherent motion.
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My Example & Evaluation
Here is my first example of a Zoetrope Walk Cycle.
I created it by first collecting an A3 piece of paper and folding it down the middle. Once i had done this, i glued the inside of he fold together in order for it to hold firmly. After doing this i measured the correct size each slit would be and then cut them vertically into 9 equal sections. I then had to divide the folded A3 paper once again, so i roughly figured out half way and drew a line all the way across. To create equally devised sections for my character to walk i drew vertical lines of roughly 5-6 cm's each and added each stage of the characters walk within the rectangles.
I created it by first collecting an A3 piece of paper and folding it down the middle. Once i had done this, i glued the inside of he fold together in order for it to hold firmly. After doing this i measured the correct size each slit would be and then cut them vertically into 9 equal sections. I then had to divide the folded A3 paper once again, so i roughly figured out half way and drew a line all the way across. To create equally devised sections for my character to walk i drew vertical lines of roughly 5-6 cm's each and added each stage of the characters walk within the rectangles.
A Range of 2D Animation Analysis
This short animated film was created by Jeff Chiba Stearns using reference footage taken from an actual kindergarten classroom, effectively trying to capture the gestures and expressions of both boys "kip" and "kyle" whilst playing together. Jeff immediately animated the film directly onto paper in the classroom using only his ballpoint black pen.
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This is a lightly drawn pencil animation of Batman in several different positions and angles. The most succesfull and interesting part of this animation is that the angles vary in oder to emphasise and accommodate each scene or action. For example when Batman jumps from the roof, the angle is immediately changed to show him falling through the sky from at the top of the paper which strengthens the whole audience perception and understanding of what is happening.
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This animation is pretty much similar to "Batman" as it focuses on angles and successfully explores the use of space and size in order to strengthen and portray the whole storyline. The main strength of the animation is how well the non- diegetic sound syncs with the actions of the characters or objects within the story, the reason for this is is simply because the animator has chosen the correct sounds and edited the sound well enough to match the actions, in order for it to seen real to the audience.
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Gant Chart
gant_chart_2d_anim.jpg | |
File Size: | 110 kb |
File Type: | jpg |
A Gant Chart is a Horizontal Barred Graph which is used to illustrate project results.
My Gant Chart will act as a schedule to track my progress during the process of creating my animation. I have allocated specific times for each task in order for the whole animation to run smoothly. The burgundy blocks act as the inital time it should take for me to successfully finish that particular task. With the green being, extra or more time if needed.
My Gant Chart will act as a schedule to track my progress during the process of creating my animation. I have allocated specific times for each task in order for the whole animation to run smoothly. The burgundy blocks act as the inital time it should take for me to successfully finish that particular task. With the green being, extra or more time if needed.
Racer (Proposal)
Initial Concept Ideas & Sketches
Changing Faces (Concept Idea 1)
A series of detailed portraits of a variety of different facial expressions and emotions changing over time with powerful diegetic sound / music which will link and connect to the expressions and emotions shown by the different characters.
i plan on making each image extremely detailed in order portray and broadcast the exact message. I also have an idea in mind to incorporate words or text that will add to the characters expression.
i plan on making each image extremely detailed in order portray and broadcast the exact message. I also have an idea in mind to incorporate words or text that will add to the characters expression.
Time (Concept Idea 2)
based on a young boy in a boring classroom with a clock that, only he finds extremely loud and frusrating. This makes it difficult for him to concentrate on Class work and eventually reaches boiling point and completely destroys the clock...
or hand drawn clock that simultaneously transforms into real life clock with the use of overlays / crossfades.
or hand drawn clock that simultaneously transforms into real life clock with the use of overlays / crossfades.
Stencil / resare (Concept Idea 3)
a short story about a yellow pencil or eraser that decides to explore life outside of the pencil case or classroom desk...
"The Bounce"
basic traditional 2D animation based on a happy Red bouncy ball and it's journey down a quiet lane...
Before conducting a rough diagram, i first sketched out a plan of the direction the ball would bounce. This gave me an idea of how long the animation would need to be.
I conducted a rough diagram sketch of my bouncing ball 2d animation in order to figure out the amount of frames and in between frames i would need for the sequence to run smoothly.
INSPIRATION
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Traditional 2D Animation Analysis & Review
Before creating my animation, i knew that it would be crucial to analyse other examples of the bouncing ball principal.
i found the videos below incredibly useful and used them as study aids whilst in the creation process of my animation.
i found the videos below incredibly useful and used them as study aids whilst in the creation process of my animation.
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Draft Storyboard
I conducted a short test to see how well the information i had learnt from various videos and studies of the bouncing ball had come along. The results were better than first perceived due to the the fact that my drawing skills are at a very high standard. I separated the stages of the bouncing ball into a mini storyboard sequence, where i made a quick review of how everything was looking thus far.
After doing this i managed to create a GIF version of the sequence, which I were very pleased about.
Proposal
After spending a considerable amount of time gaining some Inspiration for my animation, i finally came to a solid conclusion. In order to cover the basic principles of traditional 2d animation, yet create something really engaging and interesting, i've decided to proceed with my 5th concept idea "The Bounce" which will feature the basic principles of traditional 2D animation.
Target Audience
My animation will specifically target the younger generation as the styory line would best fit their interests a
Soundtrack(s)
The Cinematic Orchestra -
RACER (2D Animation First Draft)
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Final Storyboard
RACER (Final)
2D Animation Evaluation
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